Epidemiology and mortality of Cushing’s syndrome

Endogenous Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is a rare endocrine disorder characterised by excess cortisol secretion due to either ACTH-dependent conditions [commonly an ACTH-producing pituitary adenoma (Cushing’s disease)] or ACTH-independent causes (with most common aetiology being benign adrenal adenoma). Overall, the annual incidence of CS ranges between 1.8 and 3.2 cases per million population. Mortality in active elevated compared general population, number studies support view that survival also compromised even after apparent successful treatment. The main cause death cardiovascular disease highlighting negative impact on risk factors. Early diagnosis prompt treatment excess, as well vigilant monitoring stringent control factors are key elements for long-term prognosis these patients.